又到年底，也是到了大家开启工作总结的时候了。近日，《牛津词典》也选出了2018年度词汇，作为一年的收官。
今年《牛津词典》选取的年度词汇是toxic：有毒的。
Oxford Dictionaries has chosen the word ‘toxic’ as their 2018 word of the year.
“Toxic”来源于中古拉丁文toxicus，在17世纪中期首次出现在英语里，在过去一年还被用来描述工作场所、学校、人际关系、文化和压力。
First appearing in English in the mid-17th century, from the medieval Latin toxicus, “toxic” has also been used to describe workplaces, schools, relationships, cultures and stress over the last year, said the dictionary.
不过，为啥toxic可以当选年度词汇呢？
Why was toxic chosen as Word of the Year?
《牛津词典》解释，年度词汇反映了这一年来大家的呼声、情绪以及最关切的事件，并且有持久的文化影响力。
The Oxford Word of the Year is a word or expression that is judged to reflect the ethos, mood, or preoccupations of the passing year, and have lasting potential as a term of cultural significance.
《牛津词典》方面表示，根据数据统计，词典官方网站上，toxic的搜索上升了45%。同时，toxic使用也大大增加，不仅仅是其字面意义，还包括更多修辞上的表达。
Our data shows that, along with a 45% rise in the number of times it has been looked up on oxforddictionaries.com, over the last year the word toxic has been used in an array of contexts, both in its literal and more metaphorical senses.
在《牛津词典》的语料库中，经常跟toxic搭配的10个词包括：
Drawn from our corpus, the top 10 toxic collocates for the year – that is, words habitually used alongside toxic – are indicative of this.
Chemical 化学品
Masculinity 男子气概
Substance 物质
Gas 油气
Environment 环境
Relationship 关系
Culture 文化
Waste 垃圾
Algae 藻类
Air 空气
除了形容化学品和空气等有毒，其他层面的“有毒”也同样惹人关注。
比如toxic与masculinity的搭配高居第二。这是因为反性骚扰的#MeToo运动如火如荼，这也让人们开始关注那些“有毒的”男子气概。
Our corpus data shows that, after ‘chemical’, ‘masculinity’ is the most-used word in conjunction with toxic this year. With the #MeToo movement putting a cross-industry spotlight on toxic masculinity, the term toxic masculinity has well and truly taken root in the public consciousness and got people talking in 2018.
Toxic加environment，除了广泛形容有毒的工作环境，也指那些对人精神健康产生影响的环境。
The term toxic environment itself, however, has been more frequently used in reference to harmful workplace environments and the toll this takes on the workforce’s mental health.
好了，有关《牛津词典》的选择你认可吗？你的年度词汇又是什么呢？
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